Evo da ugrabim priliku da stavim jos jedan apdejt, ne znam sta sam slao ali ici cu redom ukratko da ispricam sta se sve izdesavalo a dosta se izdesavalo, znaci: one prve slike su od kanjona koji je vodio u neku oazu u dnu kanjona kod reke jedva smo stigli i ne samo to nego prvo busom 6 sati po uzasnim putevima gde nema grejanja ja pitao mogu li da upale grejanje smrzosmo se kad kondukter ustade i izdeli cebad imaju cebadi pregrst, to lokalci idu tim busem peruanke sa onim tradicionalnim nosnjama i voze lame u busu male kao jagnjad
no odatle smo isli na plutajuce ostrvo od slame koje moraju popravljaju svaki drugi dan, tamo na jezeru titikaka jos zive kako su ziveli nekad ali uglavnom zbog turizma, mada jako je zanimljivo okacio sam i snimke kratke ovaj put da vidite kako mala zagleda ofarbanu kosu nije nikad videla i to sve dok jede trsku vodenu, tu vec imaju domorodacku facu indijanaca dodje ti da ih usvojis
dalje smo krenuli ka kusku to je haos od grada prvo nisam znao sta se dogadja svi nesto prodaju svi te salecu prate da ti nesto prodaju, zovu te u radnje ne mozes da predjes 100m da ne objasnjavas sta neces a sta hoces, ali navikli smo se bili smo tamo 10ak dana i vise, A imas da kupis najcudnije stvari od morskih prasadi i buba sto smo jeli do soka od pomorandze i marakuje koji ti sipaju u kesu za frizider, do soka od kukuruza, nema prosijaka na ulicama perua niti narkomana za razliku od severne Amerike mislim da je jebeno biti prosjak u bedi jer nemaju ni za sebe ali cenim to sto svi nesto prodaju pa i ako je to besmisleno, cak.i ako naidjes on ti daje bombonu ako mu das novac svi se trude da zarade
ali najjace sto sam video da neki invalidi bez nogu nemaju za stake i onda puzu po ulici taj snimak zaboravih da okacim, ides ulicom kroz guzvu i vidis da nesto puze kroz masu, jedan bez nogu je isao samo na rukama ma kao u nekom filmu nismo znali ponekad sta se desava...
tako smo odatle krenuli pjeske na Machu michu od 5 crnih dana hoda zove se Salkantay trek najniza tacka je bila 1800 najvisa 4600 kroz razna brdska sela i razne predele, i onda treci dan je u noc udarila takva oluja da je otkinula put na vise mesta, a posto drugi nema a okolo je dzungla morali smo da prelazimo preko tih odrona, kasnije su pricali da je dvoje poginulo ali nisam siguran da li je to tacno ja nisam video nikoga, ali da je bilo jebeno jeste jer dok smo isli letelo je kamenje i odroni su se dogadjali, ja sam na cetvrtom odronu kad smo isli pukao mi je stap i poleteo sam u ambis ali sam se zadrzao jer sam se bacio i pao na neko kamenje i sjebo nogu, srecom nisam slomio samo istegao ligament i nateklo je bilo stavio sam sliku, a na slici su jos i moje nove cipele koje sam kupio za taj trek koje su se raspale od hodanja treci dan, sledeci i predzadnji dan je trebalo da bude 17km ali velikog uspona i pada i mislio sam mogu bolela me noga ali reko gazicu, kad ono ispade 28km zadnjih 7 sam vezao zicom djonove jer su otpali jedva sam se dovukao na nekom stapu, sledeci dan smo isli na machu pichu koji je nista posebno jer je prevelika guzva i meni to nije uzivanje bolji je bio put dotle
i dugine planine 5200mnv ono sareno je skinuta slika tj nasa ocekivanjana ono su slike realnosti jer nam taj dan pade sneg ko od sale
e posle toga ide tek najludji deo putovanja, to je bila avantura bogami ono zbog cega sam najvise dosao AMAZONIJA pa cu vam posebno okaciti to vezano za dzunglu gde sam proveo 7 dana ali bas u dzungli i u ikitosu jos 5 a kolika je vlaznost ima jedna slika pogledajte ispod pritiska NEPODNOSLJIVO ali je prica koja je na mene ostavila najbolji i najgori utisak cujemo se za par dana jer moramo u panamu sutra...
Slike i snimci trebalo bi da ih sortira samo po date added da bi bilo po redu kako sam i pisao
Tradicionalno za ceremoniju uzimanje ajavaske zadužen je plemenski šaman koji ajavasku i priprema.To su osobe koje su svoj život posvetile upravo ajavaski i oni u plemenima imaju poseban status. On je tu i da bi odredio dozu svakom učesniku te ceremoniju.Taj obred se održava noću kišnim šumama Amazona.Šamani takođe imaju i ulogu spiritualnih vođa cele ceremonije, zbog toga oni se nazivaju i ajavaskerosi. Razlog zbog kojeg ljudi uzimaju ajavasku su razni, ali najzastupljeniji su telesno i duhovno pročišćenje do kojih i ajavaska dovodi. Spiritualno otkrovenje je definitivno najveći razlog za konzumiranje ajavaske. Osobe pod dejstvom ajavaske tvrde da su spoznali njihovu ulogu na zemlji, pravu prirodu svemira, kao i uvid u to kakve osobe trebaju da postanu[5].Mnogi ovakve trenutno smatraju kao ponovno rođenje. Pored toga nije retka pojava da neko tokom ovakvog iskustva tvrdi da su stupili u više duhovno stanje gde dolaze u kontakt sa bićima van ove dimenzije koja ima pomažu da se izleče[6], takođe stupaju u kontakt i sa vanzemaljskom inteligencijom ali i dušama mrtvih.
Pisa Don Hose Kampos tvrdi da su ljudi nakon uzimanja ajavaske značajno promeni svoje živote[7]Nakom konzumiranja javlja se mučnina praćena povraćanjem koja je prema šamanima jako značajna jer predstavlja potpuno očišćenje tela i duha ona je propraćena i drhtavicom, umorom, hipertermijom, grčevima, njihove dugotrajne posledice još nisu otkrivene[8]. Pored toga ipak zabeleženi slučajevi smrti tokom ceremonija koji su se najčešće javili zbog već postojećih zdravstvenih problema kao što su problemi sa srcem ali takođe i zbog korišćenja i drugih supstanci kao što su kafein, nikotin, antidepresivi, rekreacione droge.
Značajna i utvrđena posledica korišćenja ajavaske je stvaranje novih moždanih ćelija[9]čije je istraživanje sprovela Barklej fondacija
ne bih cackao mecku ako ne moras, a koliko je zdravo, sledi:
Harmine
Harmine is another one of the indole hallucinogens derived from native plant materials. It is found in the equatorial areas of western South America drained by the upper Amazon`s tributaries and used by the tribes of Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Brazil, as an hallucinogenic substance. The Banisteriopsis caapi belongs to the family Malpighiaceae mostly woody climbers. The same plant has various names, Caapi ayahuasca, C. natema, C. nepe, C. pinde, and C. kahi and the same name is applied to the beverage prepared from it.
The native sorcerers added extracts from the wood and leaves of P. Amazonica to Banisteriopsis liquid which transposed their patients into states of ecstasy.
In order to prepare the active liquid the triturated solution derived from small pieces of wood was boiled in water for 2-24 hours. This was done in order to reduce the volume and increase the potency of the extracts. The Indians were given the extracts as a medicine, when they wished some guidance, for example, in choosing a new spouse or for having some revelation of the future, O-R when they desired the characteristic psychedelic experience sought by users of these and other hallucinogenic drugs.
When taken on an empty stomach the results came on more rapidly. Vomiting was very frequent after every new quantity of liquid was consumed. Vertigo occurred first, followed by a period of agitation, dancing, screaming, and then the complete experience. Subjects saw visionary images, pictures bearing on their own future, beasts in which demons were incarnated and other illusions and hallucinations.
Lewin reported that white travelers also reacted to B. caapi. Koch- Gruneberg experienced a peculiar scintillation of crude colors. When writing, shadows like red flames passed over the page. Another traveler saw beautiful landscapes, towns, towers, parks, and wild animals against which he defended himself.
The plant was used differently in various regions. In Bolivia it was used as an exhilarating and stimulating beverage, like tea O-R coffee. Very small quantities were taken. In Colombia, its objective was to give courage and fortitude. Shortly after consumption there was a powerful circulatory effect and marked pallor. The subjects became restless and developed convulsive tremors. Then after a few minutes the skin became hyperemic and they became violently active. Fear and even caution were gone and they were ready to fight anything or anybody. This violent state was followed by exhaustion and som- nolence. This account by Rusby is remarkably like the berserk reaction of the Vikings many centuries ago in a different country, using mush- rooms.
Villalba (1925) reported that the Indians infused pieces of stem about 20 cm long. The liquid was concentrated by heat to one-tenth of its volume, diluted with water, and again concentrated. The liquor had a red color with a greenish hue which, on standing, changed to a topaz color with a bluish green fluorescence. The Indians used 60 ml O-R 0.5 gm of alkaloid. Under its influence they jumped, screamed, and ran about wildly but continued to take it for days to maintain the state of excitation. Villalba ingested the pure alkaloid and had no reaction to it, whereupon he concluded that other white people who had seen visions of the future, of things lost, and visions of dis- tances and illusions, were exaggerating the effect. It is not unusual for people who have not seen, to be skeptical of the claims of others who have.
Chen and Chen (1939) reported further on the hallucinogenic prop- erties of B. caapi. Thus they wrote, The most outstanding feature of Caapi seems to be its ability to produce visual hallucinations and dreams in men. The Caucasians who took this preparation ap- parently confirmed the Indians` claims. Thus Villavicencio experienced an aerial voyage, in which he saw the most beautiful sights, and Sprice quoted a Brazilian friend as saying that once, when he took a full dose of Caapi, he saw all the marvels that he had read about in the Arabian Nights pass rapidly before his eyes as a panorama. the final sensations and sights were horrible, as usual. Cardenas made seven observations on men, including himself, with the decoction in various doses. All the subjects appeared to have optical illusions of different degrees. No excitement was recorded in any ease.
PSYCHOLOGICAL
Pennes and Hoch (1957) gave harmine to mental patients: The majority were schizophrenic. The doses ranged from 20 to 960 mg oral, 40 to 70 mg SC, and 100-300 mg IV. Since normal subjects were not included, it is not possible to compare the effects of harmine as re- ported against LSD O-R mescaline. The authors reported harmine pro- duced a similar effect but in addition there was some degree of clouding of consciousness. At low dosages slight drowsiness was produced. With medium and high doses the changes were like those produced by LSD. The reaction was semideliriod O-R like a cyclical confused state with intermittent drowsiness O-R S-L-E-E-P.
The major symptoms were impairment of contact, attention, grasp, responsiveness, and concentration and the subjects also had dreamy or twilight qualities. Perceptual disturbances were frequent. Hallu- cinations occurred with eyes closed. Subjects also noted some vertigo, lightheadedness, ataxia, and their speech was sluggish.
EFFECT ON ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
Harmine induced tremor in mice (Stern and Gasparovic, 1961).
Villalba (1925) gave the alkaloid that was extracted to guinea pigs. The toxic dose was 0.2 gm/kg. After injection, the animals became restless, developed light tremors, and later the gait became peculiar and the hind limbs became extended. Later the animals were unable to stand and fell moving their limbs convulsively.
Chen and Chen (1939) reported harmine produced bodily trembling and an unsteady gait in monkeys. In larger doses they arched their back, stiffened their limbs, trembled all over, and had clonic convul- sions. Gershon and Lang (1962) reported harmine in conscious dogs caused restlessness, anxiety, and apparent hallucinations.
CHEMISTRY
Woolley and Shaw (1957) reported harmaline was a serotonin an- tagonist. Using the isolated estrus rat uterus (Mclsaac et al., 1961) found that 0.2 µg of serotonin was completely blocked by 0.5 µg of LSD and 50 µg of harmine O-R harmaline added 5 minutes before. At higher levels they caused muscle contractions and later antagonism to serotonin was reduced. Methoxyharmalan was 25 times as active and 2 µg was as effective as 0.5 µg of LSD. Similar results were obtained on isolated guinea pig ileum. It seemed likely 10-methoxyharmalan and serotonin were competitive. The methoxyharmalan also antagonized the pressor effect of serotonin.
PHARMACOLOGICAL
In conscious dogs and sheep harmine increased arterial blood pressure and heart rate (Gershon and Lang, 1962). Blood pressure and heart rate fell in anesthetized animals. The pressor response to adrenaline was potentiated but the effect of noradrenaline was not altered. The blood pressure changes due to serotonin, were inhibited. Gerstner (1961) perfused the superior cervical ganglion with 10 µg/ml of harmine.
Harmaline is about twice as toxic as harmine to most laboratory animals (Henry, 1949). The minimum lethal doses of harmine, harma- line and tetrahydroharmine for rabbits were in the ratio 2 : 1 : 3 . Chang- ing harmine and harmaline to harmol and harmalol removed convulsant properties. The two phenols caused a progressive paralysis of the central nervous system. ____________________________________
The Hallucinogens by Abram Hoffer, Humphry Osmond
`The aim of public education is not to spread enlightement at all. It is simply to reduce as many individuals as possible to the same safe level, to breed a standard citizenry, to put down dissent and originallity.`
`The aim of public education is not to spread enlightement at all. It is simply to reduce as many individuals as possible to the same safe level, to breed a standard citizenry, to put down dissent and originallity.`
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